{"id":5940,"date":"2019-11-25T19:00:54","date_gmt":"2019-11-25T18:00:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.agilit.law\/?p=5940"},"modified":"2019-11-25T19:00:54","modified_gmt":"2019-11-25T18:00:54","slug":"des-precisions-sur-la-portee-des-transactions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.agilit.law\/en\/droit-social-travail-securite-sociale\/des-precisions-sur-la-portee-des-transactions\/","title":{"rendered":"Des pr\u00e9cisions sur la port\u00e9e des transactions"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dans un arr\u00eat de la Chambre sociale de la Cour de cassation du 16 octobre 2019 n\u00b0 18-18.287<\/a>, R. c\/ Syndicat CFDT union r\u00e9gionale interprofessionnelle de La R\u00e9union<\/strong>, la Cour de cassation a consid\u00e9r\u00e9 que \u00ab la renonciation du salari\u00e9 \u00e0 ses droits n\u00e9s ou \u00e0 na\u00eetre et \u00e0 toute instance relative \u00e0 l’ex\u00e9cution du contrat de travail ne rend pas irrecevable une demande portant sur des faits survenus pendant la p\u00e9riode d’ex\u00e9cution du contrat de travail post\u00e9rieure \u00e0 la transaction et dont le fondement est n\u00e9 post\u00e9rieurement \u00e0 la transaction.<\/em> \u00bb<\/p>\n

Dans cette affaire, un litige opposait une salari\u00e9e engag\u00e9e en qualit\u00e9 de secr\u00e9taire polyvalente par un syndicat. A la suite d’un diff\u00e9rend portant sur la classification indiciaire de la salari\u00e9e, les parties ont conclu en 2007 une transaction pr\u00e9voyant le versement d’un rappel de salaire et, \u00e0 compter du 1er janvier 2008, le classement de la salari\u00e9e \u00e0 un nouveau coefficient. L’ex\u00e9cution du contrat de travail s’\u00e9tant poursuivie, la salari\u00e9e a saisi la juridiction prud’homale pour le paiement de diverses sommes au titre d’une discrimination salariale.<\/p>\n

La transaction est un contrat \u00e9crit par lequel les parties, par des concessions r\u00e9ciproques, terminent une contestation n\u00e9e ou pr\u00e9viennent une contestation \u00e0 na\u00eetre (article 2044<\/a> du code civil). Elle fait obstacle \u00e0 l’introduction ou \u00e0 la poursuite entre les parties d’une action en justice ayant le m\u00eame objet (article 2052<\/a> du code civil).<\/p>\n

En droit du travail, la transaction permet ainsi de r\u00e9gler un litige ou d\u2019en pr\u00e9venir un, entre un employeur et un salari\u00e9, ce litige pouvant porter sur la rupture du contrat de travail (contestation du licenciement), mais \u00e9galement sur l\u2019ex\u00e9cution de ce contrat (non-respect par l\u2019employeur de ses obligations, d\u00e9faut de paiement de salaire, application d\u2019une clause, heures suppl\u00e9mentaires, etc.). En effet, il n\u2019est pas n\u00e9cessaire qu\u2019un contentieux judiciaire soit engag\u00e9 pour que la transaction soit conclue : il suffit qu\u2019un d\u00e9saccord existe entre les parties, la transaction ayant ainsi pour objet de mettre un terme \u00e0 ce d\u00e9saccord et d\u2019\u00e9viter la saisine d\u2019une juridiction.<\/p>\n

Lorsqu\u2019une transaction a \u00e9t\u00e9 conclue \u00e0 l\u2019occasion de la rupture du contrat, la jurisprudence r\u00e9cente donne plein effet aux clauses de renonciation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale \u00e0 tout recours li\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019ex\u00e9cution ou \u00e0 la rupture de ce contrat (Cass. soc., 5 novembre 2014, n\u00ba 13-18.984<\/a>). Dans l\u2019arr\u00eat du 16 octobre 2019 la Cour de cassation, rappelle ce principe.<\/p>\n

N\u00e9anmoins, elle pr\u00e9cise que cette renonciation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale ne rend pas irrecevable une demande reposant sur des faits et un fondement post\u00e9rieur \u00e0 la transaction. Ainsi, si aucune action ne pouvait \u00eatre engag\u00e9e au titre du diff\u00e9rend r\u00e9gl\u00e9 par la transaction, la salari\u00e9e avait la facult\u00e9 d\u2019engager une action au titre de nouveaux faits discriminatoires subis post\u00e9rieurement et qui n\u2019ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9gl\u00e9s par la transaction puisque son contrat de travail s\u2019\u00e9tait poursuivi apr\u00e8s la transaction.<\/p>\n

En d\u00e9finitive, la transaction conclue au cours de l\u2019ex\u00e9cution du contrat de travail ne rend pas irrecevable toute action du salari\u00e9 jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fin de son contrat de travail.<\/strong> Elle \u00e9vite le contentieux uniquement concernant les diff\u00e9rends r\u00e9gl\u00e9s par la transaction et pour des faits ant\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 la signature de celle-ci. Les parties doivent, par cons\u00e9quent, rester vigilantes lorsque le contrat de travail se poursuit puisque tout \u00e9v\u00e9nement post\u00e9rieur peut g\u00e9n\u00e9rer un nouveau diff\u00e9rend.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Par AGIL\u2019IT<\/a> \u2013 P\u00f4le Droit social<\/a>
\nSandrine HENRION<\/a>, Avocate associ\u00e9e<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dans un arr\u00eat de la Chambre sociale de la Cour de cassation du 16 octobre 2019 n\u00b0 18-18.287, R. c\/ Syndicat CFDT union r\u00e9gionale interprofessionnelle de La R\u00e9union, la Cour de cassation a consid\u00e9r\u00e9 que \u00ab la renonciation du salari\u00e9 \u00e0 ses droits n\u00e9s ou \u00e0 na\u00eetre et \u00e0 toute instance relative \u00e0 l’ex\u00e9cution du…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":5410,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[72],"tags":[],"coauthors":[103],"yoast_head":"\nDes pr\u00e9cisions sur la port\u00e9e des transactions - AGIL'IT<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.agilit.law\/droit-social-travail-securite-sociale\/des-precisions-sur-la-portee-des-transactions\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Des pr\u00e9cisions sur la port\u00e9e des transactions - 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