{"id":11667,"date":"2022-05-03T10:06:06","date_gmt":"2022-05-03T08:06:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.agilit.law\/?p=11667"},"modified":"2022-05-03T10:06:06","modified_gmt":"2022-05-03T08:06:06","slug":"le-reputation-des-personnes-publiques-episode-3-linjure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.agilit.law\/en\/droit-technologie-et-informations-donnees-personnelles\/le-reputation-des-personnes-publiques-episode-3-linjure\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019E-R\u00c9PUTATION DES PERSONNES PUBLIQUES, \u00c9PISODE 3 : L’INJURE"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u2019e-r\u00e9putation des personnes publiques\u00a0: une s\u00e9rie en plusieurs \u00e9pisodes<\/strong><\/p>\n

Premi\u00e8re partie\u00a0: qu\u2019est-ce que l\u2019e-reputation\u00a0? Focus sur l\u2019injure (3\/5)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Deuxi\u00e8me partie \u2013 \u00e0 venir –\u00a0: comment la prot\u00e9ger et agir en cas d\u2019atteinte\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

D\u00e9finition de l\u2019injure<\/span><\/em><\/h3>\n

L\u2019injure est constitu\u00e9e par tout expression outrageante, terme de m\u00e9pris ou invective <\/strong>qui ne renferme l\u2019imputation d\u2019aucun fait pr\u00e9cis<\/strong> (article 29 de la loi du 29 juillet 1881<\/a>).<\/p>\n

La pr\u00e9cision des faits<\/strong> est l\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ment diff\u00e9renciant l\u2019injure de la diffamation. De ce fait, plus les imputations seront g\u00e9n\u00e9rales, moins le caract\u00e8re diffamant sera retenu. Par exemple, la Cour d\u2019appel de Paris a consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme trop g\u00e9n\u00e9ral pour constituer une diffamation <\/strong>un tweet qui indiquait.<\/span>\u00ab dou\u00e9e dans le d\u00e9nigrement, le chantage et la menace ne vous laissez pas.<\/span>impressionn\u00e9e c\u2019est juste ce qu\u2019il cherche \u00e0 faire \u00bb.<\/em> Elle a ainsi plut\u00f4t relev\u00e9 la connotation injurieuse du tweet (CA Paris, 3 d\u00e9cembre 2013, n\u00b013\/03674).<\/p>\n

L\u2019injure peut \u00e9galement se voir oppos\u00e9e \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression<\/strong>. A ce titre, la Cour de cassation a pu se prononcer dans une grande saga judiciaire. Cette saga opposait Marine Le Pen \u00e0 l\u2019animateur Laurent Ruquier de l\u2019\u00e9mission \u00ab On n\u2019est pas couch\u00e9 \u00bb. La Cour a examin\u00e9 une image issue du quotidien Charlie.<\/span>Hebdo dans l\u2019\u00e9mission diffus\u00e9e sur la chaine de t\u00e9l\u00e9vision France 2. Elle a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 que cette image comparant Marine Le Pen \u00e0 un excr\u00e9ment n\u2019\u00e9tait pas constitutive de l\u2019infraction d\u2019injure publique. En effet, la Cour de cassation a consid\u00e9r\u00e9 que la publication litigieuse ne d\u00e9passait pas les limites admissibles de la libert\u00e9 d’expression<\/strong> (Crim. 25 octobre 2019, n\u00b0 17-86.605<\/a>).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

L’injure et la diffamation<\/span><\/em><\/h3>\n

Si des faits r\u00e9unissent injure et diffamation, alors seule la diffamation peut \u00eatre retenue<\/strong>, comme l\u2019a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 la Cour de cassation dans une autre d\u00e9cision (Crim. 24 janvier 1995, Bull. Crim. n\u00b033<\/a>). Dans cette affaire, un adjoint au maire avait tenu les propos suivants au sujet du maire auquel il \u00e9tait rattach\u00e9 dans un journal\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Je pourrai ajouter qu’en cette mairie comme dans n’importe quelle r\u00e9publique banani\u00e8re, tout est \u00e0 l’avenant. Mais les pots-de-vin, les dessous-de-table, les commissions cach\u00e9es, les renvois d’ascenseur<\/strong> sont tellement difficiles \u00e0 d\u00e9celer. Qui se hasarderait \u00e0 les d\u00e9noncer sans preuve ?\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Mais d\u00e9monstration est faite qu’il (le maire) n’h\u00e9site pas, pour de basses combines \u00e9lectorales ou la simple vanit\u00e9 de ses comparses, \u00e0 dilapider les fonds publics<\/strong> : il r\u00e9v\u00e8le ainsi sa vraie nature de tricheur \u00e0 la petite semaine<\/strong>.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n

La Cour de cassation a consid\u00e9r\u00e9 que le d\u00e9lit de diffamation absorbait d\u00e9lit d’injure, qui ne pouvait \u00eatre relev\u00e9 seul.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

L’excuse de provocation<\/span><\/em><\/h3>\n

Enfin, l\u2019auteur d\u2019une injure peut, sous certaines conditions, justifier ses propos par l\u2019excuse de provocation<\/strong>. Les propos tenus volontairement dans le but d\u2019irriter une personne peuvent par suite expliquer et excuser les propos injurieux reproch\u00e9s (Crim. 10 mai 2006, 05-82.971).<\/a> N\u00e9anmoins, la reconnaissance de cette excuse implique l\u2019existence d\u2019une relation directe entre l\u2019injure et la provocation. Il doit s\u2019agir d\u2019une riposte imm\u00e9diate et irr\u00e9fl\u00e9chie, sinon la provocation ne peut constituer une excuse \u00e0 l’injure.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ainsi, l\u2019excuse de provocation a notamment \u00e9t\u00e9 retenue pour un maire qualifiant les syndicalistes enseignants de “sans \u00e9ducation, aigris, sectaires et dont le comportement n’a rien \u00e0 envier \u00e0 celui de racailles”<\/em>, s’agissant d\u2019une r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 une provocation dans le cadre d’un d\u00e9bat politique, et ces propos ne d\u00e9passant pas les limites de la libert\u00e9 d’expression, telle que consacr\u00e9e par la Convention europ\u00e9enne des droits de l’homme (Cass. crim., 28 mars 2017, req. 16-81896<\/a>).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pour plus d\u2019informations sur la diffamation et l\u2019injure en lien avec le service public, voir notre article\u00a0: <\/em><\/strong>Diffamation, injure et service public\u00a0: quelles r\u00e8gles s\u2019appliquent\u00a0?<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Le\u00a0<\/em>P\u00f4le \u00ab IT & Cybercriminalit\u00e9 \u00bb\u00a0<\/em><\/a>d\u2019<\/em>AGIL\u2019IT<\/em><\/a>\u00a0se tient \u00e0 votre disposition pour vous accompagner en mati\u00e8re d\u2019e-r\u00e9putation et plus largement en cybercriminalit\u00e9 et pour toute question que vous pourriez avoir \u00e0 ce sujet.<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Par\u00a0AGIL\u2019IT<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0P\u00f4le\u00a0<\/a>IT<\/a>\u00a0&\u00a0<\/a>Cybercriminalit\u00e9<\/a><\/p>\n

Sylvie JONAS<\/a>, Avocate associ\u00e9e<\/p>\n

Morgane BOURMAULT<\/a>, Avocate<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u2019e-r\u00e9putation des personnes publiques\u00a0: une s\u00e9rie en plusieurs \u00e9pisodes Premi\u00e8re partie\u00a0: qu\u2019est-ce que l\u2019e-reputation\u00a0? Focus sur l\u2019injure (3\/5) Deuxi\u00e8me partie \u2013 \u00e0 venir –\u00a0: comment la prot\u00e9ger et agir en cas d\u2019atteinte\u00a0? \u00a0   D\u00e9finition de l\u2019injure L\u2019injure est constitu\u00e9e par tout expression outrageante, terme de m\u00e9pris ou invective qui ne renferme l\u2019imputation d\u2019aucun fait…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":11678,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[147,73],"tags":[],"coauthors":[99],"yoast_head":"\nL\u2019E-R\u00c9PUTATION DES PERSONNES PUBLIQUES, \u00c9PISODE 3 : L'INJURE - AGIL'IT<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L\u2019injure est constitu\u00e9e par tout expression outrageante, terme de m\u00e9pris ou invective qui ne renferme l\u2019imputation d\u2019aucun fait pr\u00e9cis\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.agilit.law\/droit-technologie-et-informations-donnees-personnelles\/le-reputation-des-personnes-publiques-episode-3-linjure\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u2019E-R\u00c9PUTATION DES PERSONNES PUBLIQUES, \u00c9PISODE 3 : L'INJURE - 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